TEL AVIV—Israel will begin a second nationwide lockdown Friday as its government struggles to contain a fresh coronavirus outbreak that has hammered the economy and divided the country.
The lockdown aims to prevent mass gatherings during the Jewish holidays that begin at sundown Friday and last at least through early October. It will extend through Rosh Hashana, Yom Kippur and Sukkot—holidays that typically involve millions of Jewish worshipers attending synagogues and gathering for prayer services. If deemed effective, Israel…