TUESDAY, Sept. 8, 2020 (HealthDay News) — New research reveals what may be fueling racial disparities in U.S. prostate cancer deaths — disparities that have black patients dying at higher rates than whites.
What are they? Education, income and insurance.
“Socioeconomic status and insurance status are all changeable factors. Unfortunately, the socioeconomic status inequality in the United States has continued to increase over the past decades,” said study author Dr. Wanqing Wen, from Vanderbilt University’s School of Medicine in Nashville, Tenn.
Wen and his team analyzed U.S. National Cancer Database data on men with prostate cancer who had their prostate removed between 2001 and 2014. The analysis included more than 432,000 whites, more than 63,000 Blacks, nearly 9,000 Asian-American and Pacific Islanders (AAPI), and more than 21,000 Hispanics.
Five-year survival rates were 96.2% among whites, 94.9% among Blacks, 96.8% among AAPIs, and 96.5% among Hispanics.
After adjusting for age and year of prostate cancer diagnosis, the researchers found that Blacks had a 51% higher death rate than whites, while AAPIs and Hispanics had 22% and 6% lower rates than whites, respectively.
After researchers adjusted for all clinical factors and non-clinical factors, Blacks had a 20% higher risk of death than whites, while AAPIs had a 35% lower risk than whites. The disparity between Hispanics and whites remained similar.
Of the factors included in the team’s adjustments, education, median household income and insurance status had the greatest impact on racial disparities. For example, if Blacks and whites had similar education levels, median household income and insurance status, the survival disparity would decrease from 51% to 30%, according to the study published Sept. 8 in the journal Cancer.
“We hope our study findings can enhance public awareness that the racial survival difference, particularly between Black and white prostate patients, can be narrowed by erasing the racial inequities in socioeconomic status and health care,” Wen said in a journal news release. “Effectively disseminating our findings to the public and policymakers is an important step towards this goal.”
September is Prostate Cancer Awareness Month.